| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Introduction: The global makeup and beauty industry is rapidly expanding in an amazing way all over the world. This phenomenon has led to an unprecedented increase in attention to the body, and the changing and modifying of the body through various cosmetic surgeries. Although the consumption of the cosmetics and beauty industry is on the rise among men as a global rule, women are the main consumers of this industry. The makeup and beauty industry in Iran has grown, making it the seventh country in the world to import cosmetic products and the thirteenth in the world to perform cosmetic surgeries. Given the expansion of the consumption of the makeup and beauty industry among women, th main purpose of this research is to understand the mental meanings behind the decision for women with higher education to have rhinoplasty.
Method: This research was conducted through the use of a qualitative approach and the grounded theory method. Female postgraduate students who had received cosmetic surgery were included in the study's participants. Using the purposive snowball sampling method, 20 individuals were selected and the necessary information was collected from them using semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interviews lasted until the theoretical saturation was achieved. All interviews were audio-recorded with the permission of the participants and then were transcribed on paper. The collected data were categorized in terms of open, axial, and selective coding. To ensure the validity and reliability of the findings, two techniques were employed; member review and analytical comparisons. Throughout the study, ethical considerations were a priority for the researchers, especially the consent to participate in the research and the anonymity of the participants.
Findings: After coding the data, nineteen main categories were extracted as follows: sexual objectification, social limitations, restrictions on clothing, inadequate information, verbal violence, traditional roots, stereotypical self-images, childhood experiences, dysmorphia, inability to self-expression, the influence of mass media, medicalization of society, widespread use of cosmetic surgery, body dramatization, body instrumentalization, extreme consumerism, changing the meaning of beauty, risks, and improving self-confidence. These categories cover the causal, contextual and intervening conditions, the strategy, and the consequences. Based on the findings, the core category of this research is self-alienation of women, which overshadows all categories.
Conclusion: This research concludes like workers alienated from the product of their labor, women are alienated from their bodies, their abilities, and their desires. Therefore, cosmetic surgery and excessive use of cosmetics and toiletries are understood within the context of women's self-alienation rather than as a spontaneous decision. |